To cope with the challenge of the market demand for higher performance at lower fuel consumption further combustion development, friction optimisation and an efficient energy management will be a necessity. Additionally to that, technologies like downsizing, advanced gearbox- and hybrid concepts will find their way for future applications.
The improvement in specific fuel consumption is realised by an optimised setup of turbocharger, EGR system and cylinder charge movement. Lower gas exchange work, higher EGR rate and turbocharger working in an optimum efficiency range are not only relevant to power and emission but also to fuel consumption.
Lowering cylinder peak firing pressure, effected by a reduced geometric compression ratio, leads to a decreased mean effective friction pressure thus contributing to a low level fuel consumption at increased power density.